U.S. Army Armor
Regular Army Armored Divisions
The Regular Army armored divisions were built to rupture fronts, exploit breakthroughs, and keep moving until the enemy line collapsed. From Old Ironsides to the late-war divisions that crossed the Rhine, these formations were the steel spearheads of American ground power.
Active Armor
1940 - Present
The last active armored division on the Army rolls still carries the lineage of the branch's wartime birth.
1st Armored Division
Old Ironsides
ACTIVE
Fort Bliss, TX
KASSERINE / MEDINA RIDGE
1940
Activated
North Africa
First Blood
1991
Medina Ridge
The first armored division in U.S. Army history. Old Ironsides learned its hardest lessons at Kasserine Pass, fought through Italy, shattered Iraqi armor at Medina Ridge in Desert Storm, and remains the Army's only active armored division.
World War II Armored Divisions
1940 - 1945
The divisions that carried the Armored Force from North Africa through the Rhine and into the heart of Germany.
2nd Armored Division
Hell on Wheels
WWII
North Africa / France / Germany
PATTON'S FIRST COMMAND
1940
Activated
Normandy
Breakout
1945
Reached the Elbe
George S. Patton built the 2nd Armored Division from scratch and imprinted his doctrine on it early. Hell on Wheels landed in North Africa, tore through Normandy, crushed German armor in France, and drove all the way to the Elbe River.
3rd Armored Division
Spearhead
WWII
Normandy / Cologne / Germany
HEAVIEST DIVISION IN ETO
1941
Activated
1st
Through Siegfried Line
Cologne
Cathedral Tank Duel
The heaviest armored division in the European Theater. Spearhead punched through the Siegfried Line, fought the famous tank duel at Cologne Cathedral, and paid for every mile with some of the highest casualties of any U.S. armored division in Europe.
4th Armored Division
Patton's Best
WWII
France / Bastogne / Czechoslovakia
RELIEVED BASTOGNE
1941
Activated
26 Dec 1944
Reached Bastogne
Abrams
37th Tank Battalion
Patton called the 4th Armored his best division for a reason. Its spearheads broke the encirclement of Bastogne, and Creighton Abrams' tank battalion made the dash that turned the relief of the 101st Airborne into armor legend.
5th Armored Division
Victory
WWII
Normandy / Luxembourg / Germany
LATE-WAR BREAKTHROUGH FORCE
1941
Activated
1944
Entered Europe
Elbe
End of War
The Victory Division entered combat after the Normandy breakout and spent the rest of the war in relentless pursuit across France, Luxembourg, and Germany. It was used as an exploitation force - break through, keep moving, and do not let the enemy recover.
6th Armored Division
Super Sixth
WWII
Normandy / Ardennes / Germany
THIRD ARMY SPEARHEAD
1942
Activated
Brittany
First Fighting
1945
Central Germany
The Super Sixth landed in France in the summer of 1944 and fought almost continuously from Brittany to central Germany. Under Third Army it built a reputation for speed, hard driving attacks, and the kind of operational tempo Patton demanded.
7th Armored Division
Lucky Seventh
WWII
Netherlands / St. Vith / Germany
ST. VITH / THE BULGE
1941
Activated
6 Days
Held St. Vith
Dec 1944
Bought Time for the Army
When the Germans launched the Ardennes Offensive, the 7th Armored Division was thrown into St. Vith - the road hub the enemy needed. For six days, outnumbered and hammered from every direction, the Lucky Seventh held long enough for the rest of the front to stabilize.
8th Armored Division
Thundering Herd
WWII
Ardennes / Roer / Ruhr
LATE-WAR HAMMER
1942
Activated
Roer
River Crossing
1945
Ruhr Collapse
The 8th Armored Division entered combat in the final stretch of the European war and hit hard immediately. The Thundering Herd forced crossings, cracked German defenses west of the Rhine, and helped finish organized resistance in the Ruhr and central Germany.
9th Armored Division
Phantom
WWII
Ardennes / Remagen / Germany
LUDENDORFF BRIDGE
1942
Activated
7 Mar 1945
Seized Remagen Bridge
Rhine
Breakthrough
The Phantom Division is remembered forever for Remagen. When its forward elements found the Ludendorff Bridge still standing, they grabbed it, held it, and gave the Western Allies an intact crossing over the Rhine at exactly the right moment.
10th Armored Division
Tiger
WWII
Bastogne / Saar / Bavaria
THE BULGE
1942
Activated
Bastogne
Delaying Action
1945
Drove into Bavaria
The Tiger Division fought some of the hardest delaying actions of the Battle of the Bulge, buying time around Bastogne before the 4th Armored broke through. Afterward it turned east and kept rolling through the Saar and into southern Germany.
11th Armored Division
Thunderbolt
WWII
Ardennes / Bavaria / Austria
THIRD ARMY
1942
Activated
Bulge
Winter Combat
1945
Advanced into Austria
The Thunderbolt Division arrived late but finished fast. It fought in the winter battles of 1944-45 and then became one of Third Army's hard-driving armored formations in the final surge through Bavaria and into Austria.
12th Armored Division
Hellcats
WWII
Alsace / Colmar / Austria
SEVENTH ARMY
1942
Activated
Colmar
Pocket Fighting
1945
Danube Drive
The Hellcats entered combat in late 1944 and immediately earned a reputation for ferocity. They fought through the Ardennes-Alsace campaign, helped crush the Colmar Pocket, and finished the war racing across southern Germany into Austria.
13th Armored Division
Black Cats
WWII
France / Southern Germany / Austria
LATE-WAR COMBAT
1942
Activated
1945
Entered Combat
Austria
War's End
The Black Cats reached the European theater late and fought only in the final weeks, but those weeks were intense. The division joined the advance across southern Germany and into Austria as the Reich collapsed.
14th Armored Division
Liberators
WWII
Alsace / Germany / Austria
POW CAMP LIBERATIONS
1942
Activated
1945
Entered Combat
Liberators
Nickname Earned
The 14th Armored Division entered combat late, fought across eastern France and southern Germany, and ended the war opening prison camps and freeing huge numbers of Allied prisoners. The name Liberators stuck because the division had seen exactly what it was fighting to end.
16th Armored Division
Armadillo
WWII
Central Europe / Plzen
VERY LATE COMMITMENT
1943
Activated
Plzen
Liberated
1945
Only Combat Operation
The Armadillo Division reached combat only at the very end of the war, but it still left a mark. Its final advance into western Czechoslovakia helped liberate Plzen and fixed the farthest eastern reach of American armored forces before the shooting stopped.
20th Armored Division
Armoraiders
WWII
Southern Germany / Dachau / Munich
FINAL CAMPAIGN IN EUROPE
1943
Activated
Dachau
Subcamps Liberated
Munich
Entered 1945
One of the last U.S. armored divisions committed to combat in Europe. The Armoraiders fought through southern Germany, helped liberate Dachau subcamps, and rolled into Munich during the final collapse of Nazi Germany.
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16
Regular Army Divisions
1
Still Active
1940
Armor Branch Born
U.S. Army Armor
Army National Guard Armored Divisions
Army National Guard armored divisions carried heavy-force lineages long after World War II ended. These were citizen-soldier tank formations - organized in the states, trained for mobilization, and kept ready in case the Cold War ever turned hot.
Army National Guard Armor
1946 - 2004
Citizen-soldier heavy divisions kept tank warfare alive in the reserve components through the long Cold War.
30th Armored Division
Volunteers
NG
Tennessee Army National Guard
1954 - 1973
1954
Activated
Tennessee
Home State Core
1973
Reflagged
The 30th Armored Division carried Tennessee's armor lineage into the Cold War and took its nickname from the Volunteer State. It never went to war as a division, but it kept a heavy-force structure alive in the Guard until reorganization ended the formation in the 1970s.
40th Armored Division
Grizzly
NG
California Army National Guard
1954 - 1967
1954
Activated
California
Guard Heavy Division
1965
Watts Response
The Grizzly Division was built from post-Korean War California Guard forces and represented one of the National Guard's true heavy armored formations. It trained for mobilization in a Cold War tank war and was briefly called for domestic emergency duty during the Watts riots.
48th Armored Division
Hurricane
NG
Florida / Georgia Army National Guard
1955 - 1968
1955
Converted to Armor
FL / GA
Two-State Force
1968
Inactivated
The Hurricane Division began as a postwar Guard infantry formation before converting to armor in the 1950s. Florida and Georgia troops kept its heavy structure alive through the high Cold War years until the big Guard reorganization of 1968.
49th Armored Division
Lone Star
NG
Texas Army National Guard
1947 - 2004
1947
Organized
1961
Berlin Crisis Call-Up
2004
Reflagged
The Lone Star Division was one of the National Guard's longest-lived armored formations. Texas kept it on the books for decades, including a federal activation during the Berlin Crisis, and the division survived all the way into the early 2000s before finally being reorganized.
50th Armored Division
Jersey Blues
NG
New Jersey Army National Guard
1946 - 1993
1946
Organized
Cold War
Heavy Reserve Force
1993
Inactivated
The 50th Armored Division was one of the first postwar Guard armored divisions and carried New Jersey's Jersey Blues heritage into the tank age. It remained a major reserve heavy formation through the Cold War before the post-Soviet drawdown finally ended the division.
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5
Guard Armor Divisions
1946-2004
Cold War to GWOT Era
Citizen-Soldier
Heavy Reserve Force