U.S. Navy
Minelayers (CM / ACM)
The offensive side of mine warfare. Minelayers planted the fields that closed enemy harbors, blocked shipping lanes, and made entire ocean areas impassable. From Civil War ironclad conversions through purpose-built WWII minelayers, the CM fleet carried the weapons that shaped naval strategy for over a century. The North Sea Mine Barrage of 1918 - 70,000 mines across 230 miles - was the largest minefield in history, and American minelayers planted most of it. Mine countermeasures command ships coordinated the broader mine warfare campaign across entire theaters.
Mine Warfare - Offensive Operations
1862 - 1960s
CM
12 SHIPS
12
Ships
1862
Earliest Origin
Various
Tonnage
Offensive
Mine Warfare
From Civil War ironclad conversions to purpose-built WWII minelayers, CM-designated ships planted the offensive minefields that closed enemy harbors and shipping lanes. USS Baltimore (CM-1) was an armored cruiser reborn as a minelayer. USS Terror (CM-5) planted thousands of mines in the North Sea Mine Barrage of WWI. These ships carried the weapons that made entire ocean areas impassable - the offensive side of mine warfare.
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ACM
ACM
ACM
Designation
WWII
Primary Era
Command
& Control
Converted
Vessels
Auxiliary minelayers and mine countermeasures command ships - converted vessels that coordinated mine warfare operations across theater-wide areas. While CMs planted the mines, ACMs directed the larger mine warfare campaign: planning minefields, coordinating sweeping operations, and commanding the diverse fleet of minelayers, minesweepers, and support craft that made up the mine force.
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12
Minelayers (CM)
4
Wars Served
Offensive
Mine Warfare
100+
Years of Operations